Modules

• Year 1
  • Introduction to Year 1 and Year Outcomes
  • Fundamentals of Medicine
  • Cardiorespiratory 1
  • Metabolism 1
  • Locomotor 1
  • Brain and Behaviour 1
  • Human Development 1
  • Medicine in Society 1
  • Clinical Communication Skills
  • Student Selected Component (SSC)
• Year 2
  • Introduction to Year 2 and Year Outcomes
  • Cardiorespiratory 2
  • Metabolism 2
  • Brain and Behaviour 2
  • Human Development 2
  • Human Sciences and Public Health 2
  • Locomotor 2
  • Cancer Week
  • Moving and Handling Training
  • Year 2 Lifesaver Programme
  • Clinical Communication Skills
  • Medicine in Society 2
  • Extended Patient Contact
  • Student Selected Component (SSC)
• Year 3
  • Introduction to Year 3 and Year Outcomes
  • Clinical Science and Professionalism (Weeks 1-3)
  • Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Haematology (CR3)
  • Gastroenterology and Cancer (MET3A)
  • Public Health
  • Endocrinology and Renal Medicine (MET3B)
  • General Practice and Community Care
  • Student Selected Component (SSC)
  • Clinical and Communication Skills
• Year 4
  • Introduction and Year 4 Outcomes
  • Obstetrics and Gynaecology
  • Child Health
  • HIV & Sexual Health
  • Musculoskeletal
  • Health Care of the Elderly
  • Neuroscience
  • Dermatology
  • General Practice and Community Care
  • Psychiatry
  • Ear, Nose and Throat
  • Global Health and Ethics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Clinical & Communication Skills
  • Student Selected Component (SSC)
• Year 5
  • Introduction to Year 5 and Year Outcomes
  • Teaching Week 1
  • Teaching Week 2
  • Anaesthesia & ITU (AN & ITU)
  • Breaking Bad News
  • Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
  • Community Care
  • Doctors as Teachers and Educators (DATE)
  • Emergency Medicine (EMERG MED)
  • General (Internal) Medicine (G(I)M)
  • Immediate Life Support (ILS)
  • Student Assistantship
  • Simulation
  • Surgery
  • Student Selected Component (SSC)
• Year GEP 1
  • Cancer Week
  • Movement and Posture
  • Carriage of Oxygen
  • Human Sciences and Public Health
  • Digestion, Growth and Metabolism
  • Infection and Immunity
  • Ethics
  • Brain and Behaviour
  • Human Development
  • Clinical Communication Skills
  • Medicine in Society (GEP)

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Year GEP 1 GEP/M&P: Movement and Posture

• Dr Lesley Robson
• l.g.robson@qmul.ac.uk

Teaching Material for this Module

Introduction

Disorders of the locomotor system are extremely common in the community. They account for up to 30% of General Practitioner consultations and result in huge costs to the economy in terms of time lost from work, costs to industry and the individual as well as significant disability. Some locomotor diseases may also reduce life span significantly. This module is designed to introduce you to the normal structure and function of the locomotor system. 

Learning delivery will be via lectures, practicals, computer assisted learning (CAL), clinical demonstrations, PBL and self-directed learning. 

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Index

• General Outcomes for the Whole Person
• General Outcomes for Neurosciences
• General Outcomes for the Musculoskeletal System
• The patient with myalgia
• Osteoarthritis
• Trauma, Fractures & Soft Tissue Injuries

• General Outcomes for the Whole Person
  • Medical knowledge: ANATOMY (TD 8.1)
    • Epithelia and Glands
      1. Recognise the various epithelial cell types in photomicrographs and predict their function from their structure
      2. Understand and master the use of the system for classifying different types of lining epithelia based on number of layers and shape of cells.
      3. Recognise, name and understand the function of different components of the basement membrane.
      4. Recognise glandular tissue in photomicrographs, indentify the gland type and its likely function.
      5. Recognise the basement membrane and list its function
  • Medical knowledge: PHARMACOLOGY (TD 8.10)
    • Adverse Drug Reactions
      1. To understand the side-effects and how newer drugs can reduce side effects
• General Outcomes for Neurosciences
  • Medical knowledge: ANATOMY (TD 8.1)
    • Muscles, Nerves and Connective Tissue
      1. Recognise the types of neurones and components of nerve tissue in a photomicrograph.
  • Medical knowledge: PHYSIOLOGY (TD 8.2)
    • General Outcomes for Nervous System Physiology
      1. Describe the structure of a typical cell membrane
      2. Explain the origin of osmotic forces acting in the cell
      3. Explain the different ways in which plant and animal cells cope with osmotic forces
      4. Explain why there is an imbalance in potassium concentration inside and outside animal cells
      5. Explain the necessity for a sodium pump
      6. Describe the special features of voltage gated sodium channels
      7. Draw a diagram of the ionic currents occurring during an action potential
• General Outcomes for the Musculoskeletal System
  • Medical knowledge: ANATOMY (TD 8.1)
    • Bones and Joints of the Foot
      1. Understand the ankle joint proper (talocrual joint) and the sub-talar joints to the movements of the ankle and foot
    • Bones and Joints of the Hip and Leg
      1. Understand the arrangement of the pelvic girdle in relation to the hip joint
    • Muscles, Tendons and Movement of the Hip and Leg
      1. Describe the hip joint and the functional anatomy that provides it with stability
    • Innervation of the Lower Limb and Foot
      1. Describe the formation of the lumbar and sacral plexi
    • Muscles, Tendons and Movement of the Upper Limb
      1. Define the term opposition of the hand
    • Anatomical Positions, Planes and Movements
      1. Be able to explain the parts of the musculoskeletal system, including the axial and epaxial skeleton, and the major types of skeletal muscle.
      2. Be able to explain how muscles are named anatomically.
      3. Be able to explain the anatomical position and language of anatomy.
    • Muscles, Nerves and Connective Tissue
      1. Identify and appreciate the relevance of different muscle fibre types.
      2. Review anatomy of tendons and identify myotendinous junctions.
  • Medical knowledge: PHYSIOLOGY (TD 8.2)
    • Joint Structure and Function
      1. To describe the normal microanatomy of the articular cartilage and how this changes with normal ageing and in disease states
      2. Be able to identify the three main types of joints and how, structurally, they influence the amount of movement possible
      3. Understand how the articular cartilage and synovial fluid contribute to the function of synovial joints
    • Skeletal Muscle (Striated Muscle)
      1. To describe the structure and anatomical location of the superficial and deep fascia of the lower and upper limb and the structures that are related to these fascial layers
      2. Understand the physiology of the skeletal muscle fibre
      3. To describe how the deep fascia leads to the formation of muscular compartments
      4. To explain how muscle function is enhanced by the fascia
    • Walking and Posture
      1. Describe the events in the normal walking cycle
    • General Musculoskeletal Physiology
      1. Understand key concepts in endochondral ossification including ossification centres and the epiphyseal growth plate.
      2. Identify bone and sutures in developing intramembranous bone.
    • Synovial Fluid
      1. Understand how synovial fluid is produced
    • Skin
      1. Identify microanatomical structures of the skin and relate these to functional properties.
  • Medical knowledge: PATHOLOGY (TD 8.7)
    • General Pathology
      1. To describe the metabolism of uric acid and how it precipitates in the joints to cause gout
    • General
      1. To describe the pathophysiology of calcium salt precipitation in joints.
      2. To examine common endocrine and metabolic muscle disorders
      3. To understand the basics of how joints are affected by disease
  • Medical knowledge: IMMUNOLOGY and INFLAMMATION (TD 8.8)
    • The Immune Response in Health
      1. To understand the basic inflammatory processes that affect the joint in disease
  • Clinical skills: FORMULATING A TREATMENT PLAN (TD 14 g)
    • Pain Relief
      1. Fitting the analgesia to the condition
    • Management of Musculoskeletal Disorders
      1. To understand when and why NSAID would be used
• The patient with myalgia
  • Approach to diagnosis
    1. Therapies for muscle disorders
• Osteoarthritis
  • General Topics
    1. To understand the pharmacological treatments for OA
    2. To understand the alternative treatment options for OA
    3. To understand surgical options for OA
• Trauma, Fractures & Soft Tissue Injuries
  • General Outcomes
    1. To describe the different types of fractures
    2. To describe the main treatment options for dealing with bone fractures
    3. To describe how bones repair themselves after a fracture

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