Modules
- Year 1
- Year 2
- Introduction to Year 2 and Year Outcomes
- Cardiorespiratory 2
- Metabolism 2
- Brain and Behaviour 2
- Human Development 2
- Human Sciences and Public Health 2
- Locomotor 2
- Cancer Week
- Moving and Handling Training
- Year 2 Lifesaver Programme
- Clinical Communication Skills
- Medicine in Society 2
- Extended Patient Contact
- Student Selected Component (SSC)
- Year 3
- Introduction to Year 3 and Year Outcomes
- Clinical Science and Professionalism (Weeks 1-3)
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Haematology (CR3)
- Gastroenterology and Cancer (MET3A)
- Public Health
- Endocrinology and Renal Medicine (MET3B)
- General Practice and Community Care
- Student Selected Component (SSC)
- Clinical and Communication Skills
- Year 4
- Introduction and Year 4 Outcomes
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- Child Health
- HIV & Sexual Health
- Musculoskeletal
- Health Care of the Elderly
- Neuroscience
- Dermatology
- General Practice and Community Care
- Psychiatry
- Ear, Nose and Throat
- Global Health and Ethics
- Ophthalmology
- Clinical & Communication Skills
- Student Selected Component (SSC)
- Year 5
- Introduction to Year 5 and Year Outcomes
- Teaching Week 1
- Teaching Week 2
- Anaesthesia & ITU (AN & ITU)
- Breaking Bad News
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Community Care
- Doctors as Teachers and Educators (DATE)
- Emergency Medicine (EMERG MED)
- General (Internal) Medicine (G(I)M)
- Immediate Life Support (ILS)
- Student Assistantship
- Simulation
- Surgery
- Student Selected Component (SSC)
- Year GEP 1
Year GEP 1 GEP/I&I: Infection and Immunity
- Dr Nigel Yeatman
- n.w.j.yeatman@qmul.ac.uk
Teaching Material for this Module
Introduction
Course Overarching Aims
- Give a broad understanding of possible types of infective organism.
- Give an understanding of how organisms cause infection and examples of how they can affect the body.
- Give an understanding of the body’s defence against infections, & how this can be both beneficial & damaging to the body.
Sessions
- Lecture: Introduction to the Immune System
Teaching Material for this Session
- Outline the cells involved in the immune reaction, and distinguish innate and acquired immunity.
- Define the terms: antigen, immunogen, determinant, specificity, receptor.
- In relation to the immune response, discuss the concepts of clonal expansion and deletion, and of memory and tolerance.
- Distinguish between antibodies, cytokines, and complement.
- Lecture: The Microbial World
Teaching Material for this Session
- Distinguish between the different groups of pathogens.
- Outline the structure of bacteria, emphasising differences from eukaryotic cells.
- Describe how bacteria can be classified on the basis of staining properties and morphology.
- Outline the manifestations of bacterial diseases mentioned in the lecture.
- List the key features of viruses, fungi, helminths, arthropods, & scrapie-like agents (prions), linking them any disease processes mentioned in the lecture.
- Appreciate what you need to know about any pathogen.
- Lecture: Acute Inflammation
Teaching Material for this Session
- Define inflammation, and list the cardinal signs.
- Describe the vascular processes involved in formation of the inflammatory fluid exudate.
- Describe the composition, formation and function of the cellular infiltrate.
- Define the term 'mediator of inflammation'. List the mediators and state their actions.
- Lecture: T Cells & Antigen presentation
- List the antigen-presenting cells, and distinguish between endogenous and exogenous antigens.
- Describe antigen processing for endogenous & exogenous antigens.
- Describe antigen presentation, including the role of HLA molecules.
- List the cytokines that distinguish between the Th1 and Th2 responses, and list their functions.
- Lecture: Routes of spread of infections
Teaching Material for this Session
- To understand the factors which contribute to the spread of infection and the severity of disease.
- To understand the terms used and their definitions
- To know the main routes of spread of infection.
- To understand that a pathogen may be spread by more than one route.
- To understand the importance of prevention of spread of infection.
- Lecture: What Viruses Are (1)
- Lecture: Anti-microbial Therapy
Teaching Material for this Session
- Describe the principle of selective toxicity.
- Describe the structure and function of targets in microbes that differ from their counterparts in the host and know some examples of antimicrobials that act at each site.
- List basic mechanisms and understand implications of microbial resistance.
- Know the importance of ALWAYS asking about allergies in a patient before prescribing any drug but ESPECIALLY before prescribing an antimicrobial.
- Lecture: Hypersensitivity
Teaching Material for this Session
- Define hypersensitivity, allergy, atopy, autoreactivity, autoimmune disease.
- Describe the five types of hypersensitivity and their mechanisms.
- For each type of hypersensitivity, explain whether it involves allergy (narrowly or broadly defined), autoreactivity, or damage incurred in combatting a true pathogen.
- Give examples of diseases which involve each type of hypersensitivity.
- Lecture: B Cells Antibodies
- Describe the structure of the antibody molecule (heavy + light chains, constant region, variable region).
- Define the classes of antibody and their different functions (including effects on mast cells).
- Distinguish between T-dependent antigens and T-independent antigens, and describe their presentation to T cells.
- Describe the activation of B-cells to become plasma cells and memory cells.
- Compare and contrast the primary and the secondary immune responses.
- Lecture: How Microbes Cause Disease
Teaching Material for this Session
- Understand basic mechanisms by which bacteria can cause disease.
- Explain why virulence is a multi-factorial problem.
- List the steps required in the establishment of infection by microbes.
- Describe the mechanisms of cell/tissue damage.
- Describe how microbes adapt to life in the host.
- Describe mechanisms whereby microbes evade, subvert or overcome the host immune response.
- Lecture: What Viruses are (2)
- Describe the diversity of viral particles and their structure.
- State the functions of basic protein units needed to assemble a virus.
- Explain the functions of the viral genome.
- Describe general replication strategies.
- Explain the concept of evolution through natural selection.
- Describe mechanisms by which viral diversity is achieved.
- Lecture: Chronic inflamation & wound healing
- Lecture: Lymph tissue, natural killer cells
- Lecture: Viral Vaccines
Teaching Material for this Session
- Discuss the concept of herd immunity.
- Explain the protective responses elicited by, and the advantages/disadvantages of, killed/subunit and live attenuated vaccines.
- Describe the use of poxviruses for delivering other antigens.
- Specify particulate structures (virus-like particles) as viral vaccines.
- Explain the potential of DNA vaccines.
- Lecture: Antiviral therapy
- Lecture: Emerging Viruses
