Modules

• Year 1
  • Introduction to Year 1 and FunMed
  • Fundamentals of Medicine
  • Human Development 1
  • Cardiorespiratory 1
  • Metabolism 1
  • Locomotor 1
  • Brain and Behaviour 1
  • Medicine in Society 1
  • Inter-Professional Education 1
• Year 2
  • Introduction to Year 2 and Year Outcomes
  • Cardiorespiratory 2
  • Metabolism 2
  • Brain and Behaviour 2
  • Human Development 2
  • Human Sciences and Public Health 2
  • Locomotor 2
  • Medicine in Society 2
  • Extended Patient Contact 2
  • Moving and Handling Training
  • Year 2 Lifesaver Programme
• Year 3
  • Clinical Science and Professionalism (Weeks 1-3)
  • Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Haematology (CR3)
  • Gastroenterology and Cancer (MET3A)
  • Endocrinology and Renal Medicine (MET3B)
  • General Practice and Community Care
  • Public Health
• Year 4
  • Obstetrics and Gynaecology
  • Child Health
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Ophthalmology
  • HIV & Sexual Health
  • Musculoskeletal
  • Health Care of the Elderly
  • Dermatology
  • General Practice and Community Care
  • Ear, Nose and Throat
  • Global Health and Ethics
  • ALL CSP WEEKS
  • B&B Classroom Skills
• Year 5
  • Introduction to Year 5 and Year Outcomes
  • Teaching Week 1
  • Acute Medical Care (AMC)
  • Surgery, Anaesthetics and Perioperative Care (SAPOC)
  • Community Care
• Year GEP 1
  • Movement and Posture
  • Carriage of Oxygen
  • Human Sciences and Public Health
  • Digestion, Growth and Metabolism
  • Infection and Immunity
  • Brain and Behaviour
  • Consolidation and Integration
  • Human Development
  • Medicine in Society (GEP)
  • IPE Programme Week (inc. IP Days within Modules)

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Year 1 HD1: Human Development 1

• Dr Anne Hills
• a.hills@qmul.ac.uk

Introduction

During this module you will be introduced to most aspects of human development from contraception and fertilisation through to old age from a scientific, developmental and psychological viewpoint.

The course aims to ensure familiarity with the following aspects of human development:

1. The basic structure and anatomy of the pelvic region.

2. The events of embryonic development.

3. The changes that occur at puberty.

4. The factors that allow for fertilisation, implantation and normal pregnancy.

5. The process of birth and the physiological changes that occur in the baby.

6. Normal growth and development before and after birth and the mechanisms for preventing disease.

7. Breast and bottle feeding.

8. The function of the various agencies that work with children, both statutory and voluntary.

9. The normal social, cognitive, language and emotional development of childhood and adolescence.

10. Contraception and the control of fertility.

11. The physiological and psychological changes that occur as a result of ageing.

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Index

• General Outcomes for the Whole Person
• General Outcomes for Obstetrics and Gynaecology
• General Outcomes for Child Health
• General Outcomes for the Musculoskeletal System
• Contraception
• Fertility and Infertility
• Pregnancy
• Labour and Delivery
• Puerperium and Lactation
• The Menopause (inc. HRT)
• Puberty and Pubertal Problems
• Disorders of the Endocrine System

• General Outcomes for the Whole Person
  • Medical knowledge: ANATOMY
    • Bones, Muscles and Ligaments of the Pelvis
      1. Understand the structure of the bony pelvis and its ligaments
      2. Describe the walls of the pelvic cavity
      3. Describe the pelvic diaphragm
      4. Outline the consequences of injuries to the pelvic floor leading to prolapse of the pelvic viscera
    • Pelvic Viscera and Perineum
      1. Have knowledge of the organs of the pelvis
      2. Describe the anatomy of the anal triangle
      3. Describe the urogenital triangle and its pouches
      4. Describe the contents of the perineal pouches in the male and female
    • Male Pelvis and Reproductive System
      1. Describe the micro-anatomy of the internal genitalia
    • Female Pelvis and Reproductive System
      1. Describe the micro-anatomy of the internal genitalia
      2. Understand pelvic measurements used in obstetrics
    • General Outcomes for Embryology
      1. Describe the major developmental steps of the human embryo between the time of implantation and 8-weeks gestation including the development of the face and heart
      2. Identify the major structures which are unique to the development of the embryo
  • Medical knowledge: PHYSIOLOGY
    • Physiology of Growth and Puberty
      1. Describe the regulation of normal growth
      2. Understand the normal physiological and anatomical changes at puberty
      3. Identify the stages of puberty in boys and girls
      4. Understand the relationships between growth and the onset of puberty
      5. Understand the techniques of measuring children of all ages and be able to plot and interpret measurements on a growth chart
      6. Understand the biological features influencing normal growth patterns
    • The Hormones of Reproduction
      1. Understand the use of antibodies in analytical methods
      2. Understand the principles of sensitivity and specificity of analytical methods
      3. Recognise testing anomalies
      4. Explain the importance of the structure of glycoproteins
      5. Outline the role of the main glycoproteins involved in reproductive physiology incuding maternal recognition and maintainance of pregnancy
      6. Recognise that molecules can be produced ectopically
    • Female Reproductive Physiology
      1. Understand the normal process of ovulation
      2. Outline how normal menstrual function is related to conception
      3. Understand that ovarian and menstrual cycles are closely linked
    • Adaptation of Fetus to Neonate - General
      1. Understand the circulatory changes at birth and the neonatal transitional circulation
      2. Understand the changes in pulmonary physiology at birth
      3. Describe the basic metabolic adaptations which take place in the neonate
    • Physiology of Pregnancy - General
      1. Describe the physiological changes in preparation for lactation
  • Medical knowledge: IMMUNOLOGY and INFLAMMATION
    • Immunology - General Outcomes
      1. Indicate the development of the immune system, including the function of lymphocytes
      2. Explain the immunological processes enabling protection against disease to take place
  • Medical knowledge: PUBLIC HEALTH and GLOBAL HEALTH
    • Vaccination and Immunisation
      1. Know the normal immunisation programme
      2. Understand the dangers to the individual and the herd of not immunising
      3. Relate experience in the UK to worldwide programmes of protection using immunisation
• General Outcomes for Obstetrics and Gynaecology
  • Medical knowledge: PHYSIOLOGY
    • Physiology of Growth and Puberty
      1. Understand the physiology of puberty and the associated physical changes
    • The Hormones of Reproduction
      1. Carry out analyses, present and interpret findings
    • Female Reproductive Physiology
      1. Explain the endocrinology and physiology of the menstrual cycle
      2. Be able to explain the normal ovarian cycle
    • Adaptation of Fetus to Neonate - General
      1. 1. Understand the difference between embryonic and fetal periods of development and the clinical significance to organ development and growth.
• General Outcomes for Child Health
  • Medical knowledge: PHYSIOLOGY
    • Adaptation of Fetus to Neonate - General
      1. Understand the processes whereby a fetus makes the transition from being dependent on the placenta to being able to live independently
    • Developmental Issues
      1. Understand psychological development during adolescence.
  • Medical knowledge: NUTRITION
    • General Outcomes for Nutrition
      1. Recognise the major nutrient and vitamin requirements during infancy and childhood
      2. Be able to design appropriate diets for infants of different ages
      3. Demonstrate how to make up infant feeds
  • Medical knowledge: PSYCHOLOGY
    • Normal Behaviour and Emotional Development
      1. Describe those characteristics of the infant, child and adolescent which can be considered as normal behaviour
      2. Understand the importance of distinguishing the different stages of development
      3. Understand psychological development during adolescence
      4. Understand sexual behaviour during adolescence
    • Development of Abilities in Children
      1. Understand the progress of motor and sensory development in childhood and its neurological basis
      2. Describe the process of language development in infancy and childhood
      3. Describe the growth of cognitive abilities in children
      4. Understand the methods by which development may be objectively assessed in young children
  • Clinical skills: HISTORY and EXAMINATION
    • Examination of the Newborn
      1. Know the normal values of weight, length and head circumference of an infant and plot these measurements on a centile chart
      2. Be able to measure the length, weight and head circumference of an infant and plot these measurements on a centile chart
    • Examination of Children
      1. Understand the use of centile charts in assessing child growth
  • Clinical skills: MANAGING INFORMATION
    • Keeping Patient Records and Notes
      1. Understand the main uses of the personal child health record
• General Outcomes for the Musculoskeletal System
  • Medical knowledge: ANATOMY
    • Female Pelvis and Reproductive System
      1. 3. Pelvic measurements in obstetrics.
    • Bones, Muscles and Ligaments of the Pelvis
      1. 4. Describe the pelvic diaphragm.
      2. Describe the main ligamentous attachments of the bony pelvis.
    • Rectum and Anus
      1. 4. Describe the pelvic diaphragm.
    • Bones and Joints
      1. Describe the main ligamentous attachments of the bony pelvis.
• Contraception
  • General Outcomes for Contraception
    1. Be able to discuss the pros and cons of commonly used methods of family planning with a patient
    2. Be able to distinguish between the following terms and conditions: Rhythm method; Spermacide; Barrier method; Intra-uterine device (IUD)
    3. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods of contraception including post-coital contraception and its dangers
• Fertility and Infertility
  • General Outcomes for Fertility, Implantation and Infertililty
    1. Be able to discuss the pros and cons of commonly used methods of family planning with a patient
    2. Describe the essential ingredients for fertilisation
    3. Explain the normal processes which occur from fertilisation to implantation
    4. Summarise the important features of implantation and placentation
    5. Indicate how there is maternal recognition of pregnancy
• Pregnancy
  • General Outcomes for Pregnancy
    1. Be able to describe the physiology of pregnancy and the associated physical changes
    2. Describe the physiological changes in pregnancy with particular reference to maternal cardiovascular, respiratory, haematological and endocrine systems
    3. Describe implantation and development of the placenta and establishment of the feto-maternal circulation
    4. 1. Describe the physiological changes in pregnancy, with particular reference to maternal cardiovascular, respiratory, haematological and endocrine systems.
    5. 2. Explain the physiological changes prior to parturition.
    6. 6. Outline the role of the main glycoproteins involved in reproductive physiology including maternal recognition and maintainance of pregnancy
    7. Explain the function of the placenta in supporting fetal development and maternal adaptation to pregnancy
• Labour and Delivery
  • General Outcomes for Labour and Delivery
    1. 2. Explain the physiological processes involved in parturition.
    2. 3. Describe the stages of normal labour resulting in the delivery of the fetus and placenta.
    3. Describe the signs of labour
    4. 1. Describe the signs of labour.
    5. Explain the physiological changes prior to parturition
    6. Explain the physiological processes involved in parturition
• Puerperium and Lactation
  • General Outcomes for Puerperium and Lactation
    1. 3. Describe the physiological changes in preparation for lactation
    2. 1. Demonstrate the normal physiological and anatomical changes associated with the puerperium.
    3. 3. Describe the nature and control of processes associated with lactation.
    4. Demonstrate the normal physiological and anatomical changes associated with the puerperium
    5. Describe the establishment of breast feeding and its physiological and anatomical advantages to the mother and infant
    6. Describe the physiological changes in preparation for lactation
    7. Understand factors preventing the establishment of breast feeding
  • Breast Feeding - General
    1. 2. Describe the establishment of breast feeding, and its physiological and anatomical advantages to the mother and infant.
    2. 3. Understand factors preventing the establishment of breast-feeding
• The Menopause (inc. HRT)
  • General Outcomes for the Menopause and HRT
    1. 7. Understand the changes in levels of the main glycoproteins at the menopause
    2. 2. Describe what investigations can be performed to diagnose the menopause
    3. To describe the physiology of the menopause and the associated physical changes
    4. 1. Describe the normal physiological and anatomical changes at the menopause.
    5. 3. Outline the options available to treat the symptoms of the menopause
    6. Describe what investigations can be performed to diagnose the menopause
    7. Outline the options available to treat the symptoms of the menopause
• Puberty and Pubertal Problems
  • Puberty and Disorders of Puberty - General
    1. Understand the physiology of puberty and the associated physical changes
• Disorders of the Endocrine System
  • Endocrine Disorders of Development and Growth
    1. 5. Briefly outline the patterns of disease noted in human development and diseases of premature ageing

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